Analytical VS Hortatory Exposition

Dear students…..

Bingung cara membedakan teks analytical exposition dan hortatory exposition? Don’t worry it’s so easy. Study the followings ya…

Sebelum kita mengetahui perbedaan teks analytical dan hortatory, mari kita mengenal persamaan dari kedua teks ini. Teks exposition dibagi menjadi dua bagian yaitu analytical exposition dan hortatory exposition. Exposition adalah jenis teks yang berisi tentang argumen-argumen tentang suatu topik. Dalam menulis teks ini, penulis perlu mencari sumber informasi agar argumen yang dikemukakan cukup kuat untuk mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar.
Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita bisa menemukan teks exposition dalam diskusi, pidato, iklan, surat, dsb. Contohnya, ada seorang teman yang merokok, kita bisa saja memberikan pendapat kita bahwa merokok itu tidak baik. So the thesis is “Smoking is not good for your health”. Kemudian kita akan memberikan alasan-alasan mengapa merokok itu tidak baik, so we tell the arguments that support our thesis. The social function of exposition is to persuade the reader or listener.

So the difference is…..
Study the text organization of analytical exposition below.
Ada 3 tahapan dalam teks analytical, yaitu:

1. Thesis, berisi tentang suatu pernyataan tentang permasalahan tertentu. Biasanya diawali dengan kalimat I personally think, In my opinion, I believe, dll.
2. Arguments, berisi tentang alasan-alasan untuk medukung Thesis yang dikemukakan. Diawali dengan kata, atau f rase First, Second, Furthermore, In addition, The last, dll.
3. Reiteration, berisi tentang simpulan dari Thesis, dan Arguments yang dikemukakan. Kata-kata yang digunakan biasanya In my conclusion, Based on the arguments above, dll

Perbedaan Analytical Exposition dan Hortatory Exposition terletak di paragraf terakhir. Dalam penulisan Hortatory juga ada 3 bagian, yaitu:

1. Thesis, berisi tentang suatu pernyataan tentang permasalahan tertentu. Biasanya diawali dengan kalimat I personally think, In my opinion, I believe, dll.
2. Arguments, berisi tentang alasan-alasan untuk medukung Thesis yang dikemukakan. Diawali dengan kata, atau f rase First, Second, Furthermore, In addition, The last, dll.
3. Recommendation, berisi tentang saran dari penulis atas Thesis dan Arguments yang dikemukakan. Biasanya ada kata-kata should, should not, ought to, ought not to, dll.

For example:

Text 1
Smoking in restaurants

Smoking in restaurants is just not on. It must not be allowed because it is rude, harmful to others and dangerous for the smokers.
Firstly, smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people and can turn them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul smelling smoke.
Another reason smoking should not be allowed in restaurant is the harm it can do to others. Passive smoking that is breathing in smoke made by a smoker can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer.
Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smokers. Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease and people should not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.
Therefore, smoking in restaurants is impolite, harmful to others and a health risk to the smokers and should not be allowed in any restaurants.

Text 2
Is it important to know what your kids are watching? Of course yes. Television can expose things you have tried to protect them from, especially violence, pornography, consumerism, etc.
A study demonstrated that spending too much time on watching TV during the day or bedtime often causes bedtime disruption, stress, and short of sleep duration.
Another research found that there is a significant relationship between the amount of time spent for watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the possibility of being aggressive.
Meanwhile, many studies have identified a relationship between kids who watch TV a lot and being inactive and overweight.
Considering some facts mentioned above, protect your children with the following tips:
1. Limit television viewing to 1 – 2 hours each day
2. Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their bedrooms
3. Review the rating of TV shows that your children watch
4. Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening the show

Kedua teks di atas hampir sama, perbedaannya hanya ada di paragraf terakhir. Coba perhatikan paragraf terakhir pada teks 1 yang hanya berisi simpulan tidak ada saran. Memang ada kata “shouldn’t be allowed in the restaurants”, namun itu bukan saran melainkan penguatan dari thesis. Perhatikan lagi thesisnya “It must be allowed because…” Bandingkan dengan paragraf terakhir pada teks kedua yang berisi saran melalui empat tips yang harus dilakukan to protect the children. Clear right?

REPORT text…

Dear students…

There are so many questions about Report. I’m going to to give you short explanation. hope you’ll understand easily.

Well, it’s absolutely different between REPORT text and Laporan dalam bahasa Indonesia. Report as one of the genres that we learn does not mean laporan in Indonesia. So, what is a report text? Report means a text which describe things in general. It’s a little bit different from descriptive text which describe specific thing. To tell the facts of the things described, the writer usually uses present simple tense. Kecuali bendanya sudah punah, seperti dinosaurus. Penulis atau pembicara akan menggunakan simple past tense jika benda yang diceritakan sudah punah, alias dah jadul. Report text contains the class or subclass of the topic described, and then followed by telling the shape, parts, behaviour, etc in details.

Kalian pasti pernah mendeskripsikan sesuatu, bisa berupa hewan, tumbuhan, benda, dan hal lain secara umum. Contoh nyata jika ada turis asing yang meminta kalian menjelaskan tentang karakteristik orang Indonesia, kalian pasti akan mendeskripsikan orang Indonesia secara umum bukan mendeskripsikan diri kamu sendiri tentunya. Atau dalam pelajaran Biologi, kalian biasanya mempelajari karakteristik hewan secara umum, baik itu kelasnya (classification) hingga mempelajari sifat-sifat hewan tersebut secara detail (description).

Dalam bahasa Indonesia kita mengenal teks deskripsi. Namun dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris teks deskripsi dibedakan menjadi dua bagian, yaitu descriptive dan report.

Yang harus diingat adalah Report adalah jenis teks yang mendeskripsikan sesuatu secara umum. Beda dengan Descriptive yang mendeskripsikan sesuatu secara spesifik atau tertentu (alias cuma satu). Contoh: Ada dua teks tentang komputer yaitu “Computer” dan “My Own Computer”, kalau dilihat dari judulnya kedua teks tersebut beda jenis teksnya: Computer (Umum; jenis teksnya Report); My own computer (Khusus, kan cuma komputer saya, makanya jenis teksnya Descriptive).

For example:

For many years, many people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now, however, there is proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.

Although a dolphin lives in the sea it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a human being.

Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the dolphins can understand.

Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous water.

Text di atas menjelaskan tentang dolphin secara umum. Di paragraf kedua tercantum jelas bahwa dolphin belongs to mammal. Ini menjelaskan bahwa dophin termasuk ke dalam kelas mamalia. Di paragraf ketiga dan selanjutnya menjelaskan tentang kebiasaan dari dolphin secara umum.

Contoh lain:

A razor is a tool which is found in nearly every bathroom. A man who has thick hair on his face may have to shave twice a day. It is a habit which can be dangerous. For many years, a razor was a handle with a long piece of steel which was sharp and flat at one end. These razors had a long open blade.

But today’s razors are safer and more convenient to use. The thing which makes today’s razor safe is that the blade is small thin sharp piece of steel. The person who invented razor blades was a man called King Gillette. He was a clever man who had many ideas for new inventions. He wanted to make a blade that was safe and which could be used several times. In 1891, he invented a new type of razor blade. It was short and it was held in a special handle. The sharp edge of the blade did not stick out very far. It was a razor which was safe to use. It was more difficult to cut yourself than with the older type of razor.

Gillette’s razor blade became popular. It was an invention which worked well and which everybody need because each blade only lasted 8 to 10 times. Gillette sold many of his new safety blades and soon became a millionaire.

Teks di atas menceritakan tentang benda mati yaitu razor. Di paragraf awal menggambarkan tentang suatu alat berupa razor secara umum. Di paragraf berikutnya menjelaskan tentang bagian dan bentuk dari razor.

It’s clear that both of the texts above describe things in general. Report teks biasanya kita temukan dalam buku-buku ilmiah, science khususnya.

Social Function:

Describe the way things are (for example: a man-made thing, animals, plants). The things must be a representative of their class.

Text organization/Generic Structure:

1. General classification (Introduce the topic of the report, such as: the class or the subclass)
2. Description (tell the shape/form, parts, behaviour, habitat, way of survival)

Language Feature:

1. The use of general nouns
2. The use of relating verbs
3. The use of present tense
4. The use of behavioral verbs

Perlu contoh lain kan. Tinggal klik the followings:

What-is-a-kangaroo?

The-white-pelican

silkworms

seals

gold-is-a-precious-metal

sea-horse

dolphins

chimpanzees

carnivorous-plants

Growth Rate of Indonesian Smokers

A survey has found about 13 percent of first-time smokers in the country are junior high school students. It also revealed 89 percent of young female employees were smokers. The survey was conducted in five major cities across the country, including Surakarta in Central Java.
Muhammad Syahril Mansyur, the Surakarta Health Agency’s respiratory illness division, said that the finding of the survey showed an alarming growth rate of Indonesian smokers. “This situation is a cause for concern,” he said. “It appears the country’s younger generation is uneducated about the health risks of smoking.”
The Indonesian anti-tobacco campaign has reportedly been deemed as ineffective as the government refuses to sign the international convention on tobacco control. It said that cigarette producers contributed to a large amount to state revenue and gave jobs to thousands of workers.

1. What is the text about?
a. Growing number of junior high school smoking students
b. Surveying towards junior high school smoking students
c. Finding the danger of smoking in Central Java
d. Preventing junior high school smoking students
e. Indonesian anti-tobacco campaign

2. What did the finding of the survey reveal?
a. 13 percent of the first-time smokers
b. 89 percent of young female employees
c. The danger of smoking for junior high students
d. An alarming growth rate of Indonesian smokers
e. The effectiveness of the survey conducted in Central Java

3. “It said that cigarette producers contributed to a large amount to state revenue and gave jobs to thousands of workers.” (Paragraph 3)
The word “revenue” has the same meaning as…
a. Advantage
b. Product
c. Income
d. Yield
e. Value

4. Why was the Indonesian anti-tobacco campaign considered ineffective?
a. A lot of teenagers and adult people have been active smokers
b. The cigarette producers affected young teenagers to be smokers.
c. The cigarette producers caused a lot of the health risks of smoking.
d. The government does not support the Indonesian anti-tobacco campaign.
e. The cigarette producers provided a lot of revenue and jobs to thousands of employees.

Ann Merry

Dear Ann Merry,
Congratulations. As you receive your diploma, remember it’s just your ticket to the big game of life.
Although I cannot be with you my heart is full of happiness on your graduation day. No more school – no more books. Now begins that the greatest adventure of all. Congratulations and good wishes. Cheers and congratulations on your success. We are sorry we cannot be there to applaud you when you take your diploma, but our proud thoughts are with you.
Best regards,
Mark

1. What is the text about?
a. Congratulations on Ann’s life
b. Congratulations on Ann’s study
c. Congratulations on Ann’s diploma
d. Congratulations on Ann’s adventure
e. Congratulations on Ann’s graduation

2. “As you receive your diploma, remember it’s just your ticket to the big game of life.”
The word diploma refers to…
a. Document awarded by a college on completion of a course.
b. Certification received by a student after completing a course.
c. Qualification given to a student after completing a study.
d. Certificating a student on completion of a study.
e. Certification awarded by a college to a student.

(taken from Gundar)

The sense of taste

The sense of taste is one of a person’s five senses. We taste with the help of taste buds in the tongue.
There are four kinds of tastes: sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. All other tastes are just mixtures of two or more of these main types.
The surface of the tongue has more than fifteen thousand taste-buds (or cells). These are connected to the brain by special nerves which send the so-called ‘taste messages’.
When the tongue comes into contact with food of any kind, the taste buds will pick up the taste. The nerves then send a message to the brain. This will make us aware of the taste. All these happen in just a few seconds.
There are four kinds of taste buds, each of which is sensitive to only a particular taste.
These four groups are located in different part of tongue.
The taste – buds for salty and sweet tastes are found round the tip of the tongue and along it sides. Sour tastes can be picked up only at the sides of the tongue. The taste – buds for the bitter tastes are found at the innermost edge of the tongue. There is taste – buds at the centre of the tongue.
The sense of smell and sight can affect taste. The good smell of food increases its taste. Similarly, attractive colors can make food appear tastier and more delicious. If food does not smell good or is dull – colored, it will look tasty and may not taste good at all.
Very hot cold sensations can make the taste – buds insentive. Food that is too hot or too cold, when placed in the mouth, will have no taste at all.

1. The purpose of the text is ……
a. to explain how we can taste any food in the mouth
b. to give a report about the sense of taste
c. to inform how important the tongue is
d. to describe the use of the tongue
e. to tell the taste of the food.

2. When we eat very hot or cold food ……..
a. the food will lose its taste
b. the food won’t smell good
c. the taste of the food increases
d. the taste – buds will sensitive
e. the taste – buds round the tip of the tongue

3. The senses of smell and sight …….
a. increase the taste of the food
b. affect the taste of the food
c. make food more delicious
d. make the food look good
e. make the food attractive

4. We can taste any kind of food because of ……
a. the good smell of food
b. the four main kinds of taste
c. the taste – buds in the tongue
d. the senses of smell and sight
e. the taste – buds round of the tip of the tongue

Gastritis

The stomach is the first stop in the process of food digestion. The inner walls of the stomach, also called stomach lining, are bathed in about a gallon of stomach acid and digestive enzymes.
Gastritis happens when the stomach lining is irritated, inflamed or inflected. Usually, a person with gastritis will feel some cramps and pains in the middle or left upper belly, just under the ribs. Other symptoms include nausea and vomiting, bloating and belching. A wound in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer and it caused more pain than ordinary gastritis. Blood may appear in vomit or stool. This loss of blood may cause anemia, which, will make the person feel weak, tired and dizzy. When there is an inflection, there usually is a fever.
It used to be thought that the causes of gastritis are spicy food, alcohol and lifestyle related factors like stress, along with long term some painkillers and anti inflammation drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen. But in the early eighties, a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori was found to be responsible for most cases of gastritis and gastric ulcer. These bacteria are not killed by stomach acid because they live within the gel like mucus membrane that protects the stomach from its own acid. They have also developed a clever mechanism to neutralize the acid that come in contact with, and release a by product of gases. These bacteria enter the body via contaminated food and water, but still can be eliminated with the right antibiotics.

18. Why is gastric ulcer different from gastritis?
A. Because it causes more pain than ordinary gastritis
B. Because it is not caused by Helicobacter pylori
C. Because it cannot be eliminated with the right antibiotics
D. Because it causes death
E. Because it doesn’t happen in the stomach

19. Which of the following things is analytically the cause of gastritis and gastric ulcer?
A. Spicy food
B. Alcohol
C. Helicobacter pylori
D. Aspirin
E. Ibuprofen

20. The text mostly tells us about …..
A. Food digestion
B. Stomach
C. Gastritis
D. The symptoms of gastritis
E. The cause of gastritis

21. “These bacteria enter the body via contaminated food and water, but still can be eliminated with the right antibiotics.”
The italic word can be replaced by ….
A. Through
B. Though
C. Thought
D. Thorough
E. Tough

22. The communicative purpose of the text is ….
A. To describe stomach
B. To retell the process of food digestion
C. To persuade the readers to check their health
D. To inform the readers about gastritis
E. To tell an amusing experience

Bread

Almost everyone eats bread daily, especially for breakfast. Bread making is not a complicated task. You must have an oven, water, sugar, salt, flour and yeast. The basic ingredient is flour comes from wheat. There are two kinds of flour which is soft, and the hard one.
Hard flour, made by Winter wheat, is better choice for making bread. Bread using hard flour produces better texture and taste. Luke warm water is added to the flour to make dough.
Yeast is a microscopic organism, the size may not be impressive but it is capable of producing carbon dioxide. It is also easy to use. Powered yeast needs only be dissolved in water to be used instantly. Yeast works best in the presence of sugar and warmth.
Besides, encouraging yeast to grow quickly in the dough, sugar is added to give flour to the bread. Salt is added for the same purpose, to make the bread taste nice. However, it has the reverse effect on yeast, unlike sugar. The next ingredient is oil, olive oil, com oil, peanut oil and butter. It is essential for making the bread tender. After mixing with all these ingredients, the flour are hard beaten before sent to the oven.

1. Which flour is made by Winter wheat?
a. Soft flour is made by Winter wheat
b. Winter wheat means better bread
c. Winter wheat tastes better
d. Winter wheat is the basic ingredient
e. Hard flour is made by winter wheat

2. What does powered yeast refer to?
a. Yeast that is capable of producing carbon dioxide
b. Yeast a microscopic organism
c. Yeast that can be dissolved in water
d. Yeast that cannot mix with sugar
e. An organism that comes from wheat

3. Which wheat is tastier?
a. Soft wheat is tastier
b. Wheat mixed with salt and sugar tastes better
c. The wheat that produces flour tastes better
d. Winter wheat tastes better
e. Hard bread made by wheat is tastier

4. Which of the statement is true?
a. Had water is added to the flour to make dough
b. Yeast is very impressive in size
c. Yeast works worst n the presence of sugar and warmth
d. Yeast is microscopic organism
e. Bread using soft flour makes better texture and taste

5. What is the communicative purpose of the text above?
a. The process of making a proper bread
b. How to select correct wheat
c. Tell us the important of bread
d. To tell us how easy to make bread
e. To tell us why bread is served as breakfast

6. What is the kind of this text?
a. Narrative text
b. Report text
c. Discussion text
d. Explanation text
e. Received text

7. What form of verb does the text mostly use?
a. Simple present tense
b. Past tense
c. Present perfect tense
d. Adverb
e. Noun

8. “However, it has the reverse effect on yeast, unlike sugar” ( paragraph 4) the word “reverse” means ……
a. Turn over
b. In this context it means opposite
c. Taking a ‘U’ turn
d. Change of direction
e. Reverse means going backward

Fieldtrip With JYians

Sabtu 26 Februari 2011

Hari ini kebagian tugas menemani JYians, siswa JuYing Secondary School, Singapore. Berangkat jam 7.30 tepat, maklumlah Singapore kan terkenal disiplin, jadi ga ada tuh yang namanya ngaret. Mmmm, patut ditiru oleh kita kan..
Tujuan pertama adalah menuju Madu Pramuka. Sepanjang perjalanan jalan tampak lenggang di sepanjang jalan Margonda. Menuju pasar minggu, mulai padat merayap, untung ga terlalu lama, akhirnya menuju pintu tol. perjalanan yang sempurna, kami tiba di Cibubur jam sembilan kurang. Tapi, berhubung kami naik bis besar, agak repot juga untuk parkir bis di depan Madu Pramuka. Mobilnya harus parkir di luar gerbang, karena lapangan parkirnya tidak mencukupi.
Disana kami sudah disambut pihak pengelola, dan kamipun dipersilakan memasuki salah satu ruang di sayap kiri untuk mendengarkan presentasi dari beliau. Satu lagi jobku selain menemani, yaitu dengan menjadi translator. Setelah presentasi kami diajak berkeliling peternakan lebah, tentu saja dengan menggunakan pelindung.

Setelah puas berkeliling, kamipun menyudahkan perjalanan kami dengan minum air madu, mmmm, segar rasanya. Kami juga diperbolehkan untuk melakukan terapi lebah. beberapa siswa mencoba terapi sengatan lebah. Ya, meskipun dengan menahan sakit.

Perjalananpun dilanjutkan menuju Citos, uh jadi laper. Ga lama sih kami berada di sana, cuma sekitar satu jam. Sempet lah buat makan Iga bakarnya Cafe Betawi yang rasanya yummmy.

Setelah puas bersantap siang, kami melanjutkan ke tempat terakhir yang kami tuju, yaitu museum layang-layang. Sayangnya kita tidak bisa langsung ke tempat tujuan karena museum ini tidak terletak di jalan utama. Makanya kita harus memarkir mobil di Masjid yang jaraknya tidak terlalu jauh dari gang masuk museum.

Di museum layang-layang, kita bisa melihat berbagai jenis layang2 baik dari lokal maupun manca negara. Bahkan ada layang2 terbesar yang membutuhkan puluhan orang untuk menerbangkannya. Ada juga layang2 tiga dimensi, dengan bentuk yang unik dan sangat menarik. Woww, takjub dibuatnya.

Aktivitas terakhir adalah membuat layang2 sendiri. Tenang aja ada guidenya ko yang akan membimbing kita untuk membuat layang2 step by step. Kita juga bisa menghias layang2 yg sudah kita buat karena pihak pengelola sudah menyediakan media warna.

Menjelang sore, selesai semua kegiatan, perutpun laperr lagi. Yups, menuju Mang Engking. Kebayang kan udang madu yang mmmmm menggugah selera.

Antibiotics

Antibiotic is a drug produced by certain microbes. Antibiotics destroy other microbes that damage human tissues. They are used to treat a wide variety of diseases, including gonorrhea, tonsillitis and tubercolosis. Antibiotics are sometimes called ‘wonder drugs’ because they can cure diseases such as meningitis, pneumonia and scarlet fever. But when the antibiotics are overused, or misused, these drugs make a person sensitive being attacked by a superbug.
Antibiotics do not always distingusih between harmless and dangerous microbes. If a drug destroys too many harmless micro-organism, the pathogenic ones the dangerous microbeswill have a greater chance to multiply. This situation often leads to the development of a new infection called suprainfection.
Extensive use of some antibiotics may be acquired by pathogenic microbes. The resistant microbes transfer genetic material to non-resistant microbes are destroyed, but resistant types survive and multiply.
To avoid the side effect of antibiotics, you’d better not urge your doctor to prescribe antibiotics. Keep in mind that antibiotics are only useful for bacterial infections and have no effect on viruses, so they cannot be used for children pox, measles, and other viral diseases.

Which diseases cannot be cured by antibiotics?
a. Tonsillitis
b. Meningitis
c. Chicken pox
d. Tuberculosis
e. Scarlet fever

What are discussed in paragraph two and four?
a. Both paragraphs describe how antibiotics work.
b. Both paragraphs tell about the effects of misusing antibiotics.
c. Both paragraphs explain how antibiotics damage organs and tissue.
d. Paragraph two tells what causes the pathogenic microbes multiply and paragraph four tells how un-resistant microbes become resistant.
e. Paragraph two tells how antibiotics destroy harmless microbes and paragraph four describes how the pathogenic microbes transfer genetic material to non-resistant microbes.

Choose one from the following which is not the effect of using antibiotics improperly?
a. Organs and tissues are damaged.
b. The pathogenic microbes multiply.
c. Harmless micro-organism are destroyed.
d. Pathogenic microbes become non-resistant.
e. New infection which is called suprainfention develops.

Antibiotics do not always distingusih between harmless and dangerous microbes.” (paragraph 2)
The underlined word means…
a. Vary
b. Compare
c. Correlate
d. Contradict
e. Differentiate

BALI’S NEWEST APARTMENT DEVELOPMENT

A DREAM BECOMES REALITY
Sunwel Beach Residences Ketewel – Bali
Prime Property – Prime Location – Prime Investment
Only 5 minutes away from Sanur, directly at the Beach
All apartments with view to the sea, full hotel amenities
Large pools, spa, fitness, sauna and steam, parking, restaurant
For complete information please visit our website

Invitation – stimulation – temptation
Where: Hotel Mulia Senayan, Jakarta (Leatris Room)
When: 15th and 16th of January 2011 (15.00-21.00WIB)
For reservation: PT Umadamai Phone +62 21 8747976 or
Email: umadamai@yahoo.com
For every purchase prior to 31 January 2011 we will invite the buyer for the Ground-Breaking ceremony
Flight from Jakarta to Bali and a night in a luxury villa FREE

The text talks about…
a. Sunwel Beach Residences Ketewel
b. Bali’s apartment development
c. A dream becomes reality
d. Hotel Mulia Senayan
e. Prime property

Which of the following is not found in the advertisement?
a. Large pools
b. Restaurant
c. Website
d. Fitness
e. Spa

a great weekend

Rahman, my roommate, and I had a great weekend. Last Saturday we got up early and had a big breakfast. Then we took the bus to go downtown and went to an art museum. The museum opened at nine o’clock and we stayed there all morning.
We saw some beautiful paintings. We had a guide who explained everything to us. I liked all the art, but Ryan didn’t like the modern art very much. I bought copies of two paintings. I’m going to put them on the wall of my bedroom.
At one o’clock, we were hungry so we had lunch at the museum cafeteria. After lunch, we took a walk in the park near the museum. We went home at five o’clock. We were very tired, but we had a good time. On Sunday we stayed home and studied.

What did the writer and his roommate do last weekend?
a. They had a big dinner.
b. They went to an art museum.
c. They watched people painting.
d. They worked part time as a guide.
e. They worked part time in a cafeteria.

The main idea of the second paragraph is…
a. The museum only displayed modern art.
b. A guide accompanied the visitors.
c. The writer liked all the art displayed at the museum.
d. The guide helped visitors to buy the paintings displayed.
e. Rahman and his roommate liked all the beautiful paintings at the museum.

Which of the following you don’t agree with about Rahman?
a. Rahman liked all the art displayed.
b. Rahman was the writer’s roommate.
c. Rahman and the writer had a great weekend.
d. Rahman and the writer went to an art museum.
e. Rahman and the writer had lunch at the museum cafeteria.

Adoption

ADOPTION

Adoption is the process by which people take a child who was not born to them and raise him or her as a member of their family. By law, adopted children differ from foster children. An adopted child has all the legal rights of a member of the family that raises him or her. A foster child does not.
Parents place their children up for adoptions for many reasons. Some parents feel they cannot adequately care for their off springs because of health or economic conditions. Some others, especially unwed parent, may not want to raise a child.
But there are couples who cannot have children of their own. Adoption gives them opportunity to raise a family. They can get one from an adoption agency if they have all the requirements asked.
State laws prohibited adoption agencies from revealing the identity of the natural parents to the adoptive parents. These laws also forbid agencies from disclosing the identity of the adoptive parents to the natural parents. In some states, the law permits adopted persons who are at least 18 years old to see their birth certificates including the natural parents’ names.
On the contrary, many adopted people worked to change the laws. They argued that people have a right to know their identity. They said that keeping secret their adoptions records violate their right.
On the other hand, many people feel adoption records should be kept secret. If not, natural parents might change their minds years later and take the child away from the parents who raised him or her.
Some experts advise that a child should know of the adoptions by the age of 6 or 7. Surveys have shown that most adopted children develop normally.

Which of the following is not the reason why parents place their child up for adoption?
a. He or she is from a poor family.
b. His or her parents do not love them.
c. His or her parents are not in good health.
d. His or her parents do not want to raise him/her.
e. His or her parents cannot afford to give good education.

An adoptive child has no right …
a. To receive inheritance
b. To get adequate love and care
c. To know his/her adoption record
d. To live with his/her natural parents
e. To be well treated as member of a family

The writer’s purpose in writing the text above is…
a. To tell readers how to adopt a child
b. To describe people who adopt a child
c. To explain to readers how an adopted child raised
d. To persuade people to have a foster or to adopt a child
e. To inform readers the reasons and problems of adopting a child

Which of the following is the most improbable reason why adopted children want to have/know their adopted records?
a. They want to know their natural parents.
b. They want to know why they are adopted.
c. They want to know their status in adoptive parents.
d. They want to pay back their adoptive parents expenditure.
e. They want to know their parents place them up for adoption.